Course B - Ultra High Performance Concrete

Introduction

This course offers a comprehensive exploration of the theoretical principles, material selection, mixture design, and structural behavior of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) and Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC). Students will gain an in-depth understanding of the key aspects and applications of these advanced materials in civil infrastructure.
Rheological properties, volume stability, and durability aspects of UHPC will be explored, with a focus on material selection and mixture design characteristics for reducing viscosity, mitigating cracking, and enhancing durability.

A comparative analysis of flexural behavior between reinforced UHPC and reinforced concrete will be conducted, highlighting the differences and factors influencing structural ductility and failure mechanisms. Additionally, the course will provide insights into the shear behavior of reinforced UHPC, contrasting it with reinforced concrete, and emphasizing the role of fiber reinforcement in shear resistance.

Furthermore, students will explore the potential applications of Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) for strengthening and repairing structures. Current research topics will be presented, including the use of UHPFRC as shotcrete and reinforcement against dynamic actions. Pilot projects will be showcased to demonstrate real-world applications and innovations in the field.

Course Outline & Syllabus

  • Lecture 1-2. Theoretical principles and mixture design of UHPC (Caijun Shi, Hunan University)
  • Lecture 3. Development of innovative steel fibers for UHPC (by Doo-Yeol Yoo, Yonsei University)
  • Lecture 4. Structural behavior and design of reinforced UHPC members under flexure and shear (by Yi Shao, McGill University)
  • Lecture 5. Axial load response of UHPFRC columns (by Hyunoh Shin, Chungnam National University)
  • Lecture 6. Use of UHPFRC for retrofitting and strengthening of structures: Recent developments in research and pilot applications (by Jörg Jungwirth, Munich University of Applied Sciences)

Course Conductors​ & Lectures

Caijun Shi

Course Conductor

Dr. Caijun Shi is currently a Chair Professor of College of civil Engineering, Hunan University and China Academy of Building Materials Academy. He received his B. Eng and M. Eng from Southeast University, Nanjing, China and his Ph.D from University of Calgary, Canada.

Dr. Shi’s research interests include characterization and utilization of industrial by-products and waste materials, design and testing of cement and concrete materials, development and evaluation of cement additives and concrete admixtures, and solid and hazardous waste management. He has developed several novel technologies and products in these areas, and has been granted four US patents and eight Chinese patents. One of his inventions – self-sealing/self-healing barrier has been used as a municipal landfill liner in the world’s largest landfill site in South Korea.

Doo-Yeol Yoo

Course Conductor

Dr. Doo-Yeol Yoo is an Associate Professor of Architecture and Architectural Engineering at Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. He obtained his B.S. and Ph.D. from Korea University, Seoul, Korea and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. He has been working on performance enhanced fiber-reinforced cementitious composites, including UHPFRC and SHCC. His total number of citations is 8,204 and h-index is 51 (Scopus).

He serves on the editorial board of five international journals and has received several prestigious awards: World’s Top 2% Scientists 2022 (Stanford University); Member of Young Korean Academy of Science and Technology; The 25th Young Scientist Award (Ministry of Science and ICT, Korea); HYU Young Researcher Awards (Hanyang University); Best Paper Award, Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (Springer); Ministry’s Commendation (Ministry of Education, Korea).

Jörg Jungwirth

Course Lecturer

Jorg Jungwirth was appointed as a professor at the School of Civil Engineering at Munich University of Applied Sciences. He teaches and carries out research with a focus on concrete structures, post-tensioned concrete and engineering structures.

His research focuses on application of UHPFRC for construction practice, the development of innovative systems for transport infrastructure structures and the development of digital planning methods and construction methods (BIM, 3D printing).

Currently, Mr. Jungwirth is developing strengthening methods using UHPFRC processed as shotcrete. In addition to the strengthening aspect, improved durability through a high chloride density is also a central focus of the investigations.

Hyun-Oh Shin

Course Lecturer

Dr. Hyun-Oh Shin is an Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Agricultural and Rural Engineering at Chungnam National University, Seoul, Korea.

He obtained his B.S. and Ph.D. from Korea University, Seoul, Korea and was a postdoctoral fellow at McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

His main research interests relate to the confinement of concrete columns and behavior of slab-column connections. Other interests include the structural use of high performance fiber reinforced concretes, particularly in extreme load applications (seismic and blast), the seismic and blast resistant design and retrofit of concrete structures, the rehabilitation of concrete structures and the seismic risk assessment of concrete structures.

Reference Materials and/or Exercise

  • The following is some reference materials that will provide some general background literature:
  1. Ekkehard Fehling, Michael Schmidt, Joost Walraven, Torsten Leutbecher, Susanne Frǒhlich. Ultra-High Performance Concrete UHPC: Fundamentals – Design – Examples. Ernst & Sohn press, 2015.
  2. Caijun Shi, Zemei Wu, Jianfan Xiao, Dehui Wang, Zhengyu Huang, Zhi Fang. A review on ultra high performance concrete: Part I. Raw materials and mixture design. Construction and Building Materials 101(2015) 741-751. 101 (2015) 741-751.
  3. Dehui Wang, Caijun Shi, Zemei Wu, Jianfan Xiao, Zhengyu Huang, Zhi Fang. A review on ultra high performance concrete: Part II. Hydration, microstructure and properties. Construction and Building Materials. 96(2015) 368-377.
  4. Y. Yoo, N. Banthia, Mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete: A review, Cem. Concr. Compos. 73 (2016) 267–280.
  • The following is some reference materials that will provide some general background literature on roles of fiber reinforcement in UHPC:
  1. Yoo, D. Y., Banthia, N., & Yoon, Y. S. (2016). Predicting the flexural behavior of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 74, 71-87.
  2. Yoo, D. Y., Jang, Y. S., Chun, B., & Kim, S. (2021). Chelate effect on fiber surface morphology and its benefits on pullout and tensile behaviors of ultra-high-performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 115, 103864.
  3. Yoo, D. Y., Kim, S., Kim, J. J., & Chun, B. (2019). An experimental study on pullout and tensile behavior of ultra-high-performance concrete reinforced with various steel fibers. Construction and Building Materials, 206, 46-61.
  4. Chun, B., Kim, S., & Yoo, D. Y. (2021). Benefits of chemically treated steel fibers on enhancing the interfacial bond strength from ultra-high-performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 294, 123519.
  5. Yoo, D. Y., & You, I. (2021). Liquid crystal display glass powder as a filler for enhancing steel fiber pullout resistance in ultra-high-performance concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 33, 101846.
  6. Kim, S., Choi, S., & Yoo, D. Y. (2020). Surface modification of steel fibers using chemical solutions and their pullout behaviors from ultra-high-performance concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 32, 101709.
  7. Chun, B., Yoo, D. Y., & Banthia, N. (2020). Achieving slip-hardening behavior of sanded straight steel fibers in ultra-high-performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 113, 103669.
  • The following is some reference materials that will provide some general background literature on structural behavior and design of reinforced UHPC members under flexure and shear:
  1. Shao, Y., & Ostertag, C. P. (2022). Bond-slip behavior of steel reinforced UHPC under flexure: Experiment and prediction. Cement and Concrete Composites, 133, 104724.
  2. Aghdasi, P., & Ostertag, C. P. (2020). Tensile fracture characteristics of green ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (G-UHP-FRC) with longitudinal steel reinforcement. Cement and Concrete Composites, 114, 103749.
  3. Shao, Y., & Billington, S. L. (2022). Impact of UHPC tensile behavior on steel reinforced UHPC flexural behavior. Journal of Structural Engineering, 148(1), 04021244.
  4. Shao, Y., & Billington, S. L. (2019). Predicting the two predominant flexural failure paths of longitudinally reinforced high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite structural members. Engineering Structures, 199, 109581.
  5. El-Helou, R. G., & Graybeal, B. A. (2022). Shear behavior of ultrahigh-performance concrete pretensioned bridge girders. Journal of Structural Engineering, 148(4), 04022017.
  6. El-Helou, R. G., & Graybeal, B. A. (2023). Shear Design of Strain-Hardening Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams. Journal of Structural Engineering, 149(2), 04022234.
  • The following is some reference materials that will provide some general background literature on the axial load response of UHPFRC columns:
  1. Shin, H. O., Min, K. H., & Mitchell, D. (2017). Confinement of ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete columns. Composite Structures, 176, 124-142.
  2. Shin, H. O., Min, K. H., & Mitchell, D. (2018). Uniaxial behavior of circular ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete columns confined by spiral reinforcement. Construction and Building Materials, 168, 379-393.
  3. Shin, H. O., Aoude, H., & Mitchell, D. (2020). Parameters Affecting the Axial Load Response of Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) Columns. Special Publication, 341, 48-70.
  4. Shin, H. O., Yoon, Y. S., Cook, W. D., & Mitchell, D. (2015). Effect of confinement on the axial load response of ultrahigh-strength concrete columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 141(6), 04014151.
  5. Shin, H. O., Yoon, Y. S., Cook, W. D., & Mitchell, D. (2016). Axial load response of ultra-high-strength concrete columns and high-strength reinforcement. ACI Structural Journal, 113(2), 325.
  6. Shin, H. O., Yoon, Y. S., Lee, S. H., Cook, W. D., & Mitchell, D. (2015). Effect of steel fibers on the performance of ultrahigh-strength concrete columns. Journal of materials in civil engineering, 27(4), 04014142.
  • The following is some reference materials that will provide some general background literature on use of UHPFRC for retrofitting and strengthening of structures:
  1. Strotmann A., Zohrabyan V., Braml T., Jungwirth J.; Increase of Structural Protection for Reinforced Concrete Structures under High Dynamic Loads using Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC), 6th International Conference on Protective Structures (ICPS6), Auburn University USA, 5/2023
  2. Strotmann A., Zohrabyan V., Braml T., Jungwirth J.; Erhöhung des baulichen Schutzes von Stahlbetonstrukturen gegen hochdynamische Belastungen unter Verwendung von Ultra Hochleistungs Faserverstärkten Spritzbeton (UHFSB), BBV Fachkongress – Forschung für den Bevölkerungsschutz, Bonn, 1/2023
  3. Strotmann A., Jungwirth J.; Crack control for repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures using the multi-cracking behaviour of Ultra-high Performance Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete (UHPFRSC), ICCRRR 2022, DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/202236404003, Kapstadt, 10/2022
  4. Strotmann A., Pollner T., Kustermann A., Jungwirth J.; Grundlagenuntersuchung zu Ultra-Hochleistungs Faserverstärktem Spritzbeton (UHFSB) für die Instandsetzung und Verstärkung von Beton- und Stahlbetonbauteilen, Spritzbeton-Tagung, ISBN: 987-3-9502387-6-1, Alpbach, 10/2021
  5. Strotmann A., Jungwirth J.; Crack distribution of localized cracks in reinforced concrete structures by using Ultra-high Performance Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete (UHPFRSC) during repair and strengthening, fib Symposium, ISSN 2617-4820, ISBN 978-2-940643-08-0, Lissabon, 6/2021
  6. Jungwirth J., Strotmann A., Dauberschmidt C., Kustermann A. Pollner T.; Retrofitting and Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures by Using Thin UHPFRC Shotcrete Layers: Fields of Application, Design, Durability, Construction Technology, fib Symposium, ISSN 2617-4820, ISBN 978-2-940643-08-0 Shanghai, 11/2020
  7. Jungwirth J., Strotmann A., Kustermann A., Dauberschmidt C.; Strengthening and/or Retrofitting of Reinforced Concrete Elements with thin UHPFRC Layers, 5th International Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Construction Materials, DOI: 10.17170/kobra-202002271026, Kassel, 3/2020
  8. Jungwirth J., Kustermann A., Dauberschmidt C.; Strotmann A., Pollner T., Schmidt M., Innovative Retrofitting and Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures using Ultra-high Performance Shotcrete, 5th International Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete and High Performance Construction Materials, DOI: 10.17170/kobra-202002271026, Kassel, 3/2020
  9. Jungwirth J., Zum Tragverhalten von zugbeanspruchten Bauteilen aus Ultra-Hochleistung-Faserbeton, Doktorarbeit EPFL Nr. 3429, p. 158, Lausanne, 2005.
  10. Jungwirth J., Structural use of ultra – high performance fiber reinforced concrete, Konferenz FRC – from theory to practice, Bergamon, 2004
  11. Jungwirth J., Muttoni A., Structural Behavior of Tension Members in Ultra High Performance Concrete, International Symposium on UHPC, pp. 533-546, Kassel, 2004.